Beginner Friendly
Here is a list of resources suitable for beginners, though intermediate or advanced folks can also benefit from them.
Learn OpenGL is the definitive resource for learning real-time renderer techniques as beginners. Even though it is an OpenGL tutorial, it also teaches rendering techniques at the same time.
Series of online books teaching the basics of path tracing
A comprehensive introduction to various topics in computer graphics
Writing a software rasterization from scratch to demonstrate how graphics APIs work.
The book focus on cover fundamental 3D math concepts for beginners
Four part lecture on essential math for game developers by Freya Holmér
The author introduces shaders from an artistic perspective, and the book covers many topics that more engineering-focused resources such as "Learn OpenGL" won't cover.
This book challenges you to build a Whitted-style ray tracer from scratch. Unlike many tutorials, it doesn't provide code and follows a unique test-first approach, describing only test specifications and algorithms.